start= program  | unit | library | package .

  identifier_list= ID_NAME { ',' ID_NAME } .
  unit_qualified_identifier= ID_NAME { '.' ID_NAME } .

  type_name= TYPE_NAME | STRING | FILE .
  unit_qualified_type_name= type_name [ '.' type_name ] .

  function_result_type= type_name .

  constant_expression= F .
  string_expression= ( STRING_NAME | STRING_LITTERAL )
      { '+' ( STRING_NAME | STRING_LITTERAL ) } .

  variable_access= ( ACCESS_NAME | STRING ) { end_access_ } .
    end_access_= { array_access_ | record_access_ | '^' | function_parameters_ } .
      array_access_= '[' constant_expression { ',' constant_expression } ']' .
      record_access_= '.' variable_access .
      function_parameters_= '(' [ constant_expression { ',' constant_expression } ] ')' .

  set_factor= '[' [ set_element { ',' set_element } ] ']' .
    set_element= constant_expression [ '..' constant_expression ] .

  constant_expression= simple_expression__ [ ('=' | '<>' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>=' | IN  )
      simple_expression__ ] .
    simple_expression__= [ '+' | '-' ] term__ { ('+' | '-' | OR | XOR ) term__  } .
      term__= factor__ { ('*' | '/' | DIV | MOD | AND | SHR | SHL ) factor__ } .
        factor__= NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL | NIL
            | variable_access
            | NOT factor__ | '@' factor__ | set_factor
            | '^' NAME
            | '(' constant_expression ')'.

  typed_constant= simple_expression_ [ ('=' | '<>' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>=' | IN  )
      simple_expression_ ] .
    simple_expression_= [ '+' | '-' ] term_ { ('+' | '-' | OR | XOR ) term_ } .
      term_= factor_ { ('*' | '/' | DIV | MOD | AND | SHR | SHL ) factor_ } .
        factor_= NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL | NIL
            // -- id or field "(f1: v1; f2: v2)"
            | variable_access [ ':' typed_constant
                { ';' variable_access ':' typed_constant } ]
            | NOT factor_ | '@' factor_
            | '^' NAME
            | '(' [ typed_constant_]  ')'
            | set_factor .
          // -- array "(1, 2, 3)" or "fn(p1, p2")
          typed_constant_= typed_constant { ',' typed_constant } .

  formal_parameters= '(' formal_parameter { ';' formal_parameter } ')' .
    formal_parameter= [ parameter | var_parameter
        | const_parameter | out_parameter | in_parameter ] .
      parameter_name_list= PARAMETER_NAME { ',' PARAMETER_NAME } .
      array_or_name_type= ARRAY OF ( CONST | unit_qualified_type_name )
          | unit_qualified_type_name .
      parameter= parameter_name_list ':' array_or_name_type
          ['=' constant_expression ]  .
      var_parameter= VAR parameter_name_list [ ':' array_or_name_type ] .
      const_parameter= CONST parameter_name_list
          [ ':' array_or_name_type ['=' constant_expression ] ] .
      out_parameter= OUT parameter_name_list [ ':' array_or_name_type ] .
      in_parameter= IN parameter .

  dos_directives= NEAR | FAR | EXPORT | ASSEMBLER .
  calling_directives= CDECL | PASCAL | REGISTER | SAFECALL | STDCALL .
  overload_directive= OVERLOAD .
  method_directives= ABSTRACT | VIRTUAL | DYNAMIC
        | OVERRIDE | REINTRODUCE | MESSAGE constant_expression .

  const_type_var_declarations= constant_definitions | resource_defintions
      | type_definitions | variable_declarations .

    type= keyed_types | type_0 .
      // -- called by i_type
      enumeration_type= '(' identifier_list ')' .
      expression_t= simple_expression_t
          [ ( ('=' | '<>' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>=' | IN  ) simple_expression_t
            | '..' end_range_type ) ] .
        simple_expression_t= [ '+' | '-' ] term_t { ('+' | '-' | OR | XOR ) term_t } .
          term_t= factor_t { ('*' | '/' | DIV | MOD | AND | SHR | SHL ) factor_t } .
            factor_t= NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL | NIL
                | variable_access
                | NOT factor_t | '@' factor_t
                | '^' NAME
                | '(' expression_t ')'
                | set_factor .
        end_range_type= simple_expression_t .
      type_0= ( NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL | NIL | NOT | '+' | '-' | '@' | '(' | '[' | NAME )
          $i_type .
      keyed_types= string_type | structured_type | pointer_type | procedural_type .
        // -- handle STRING as array[index_type]
        string_type= STRING [ '[' constant_expression ']' ] .
        structured_type= [ PACKED ] ( array_type | record_type | set_type | file_type  ) .
          array_type= ARRAY [ '[' index_type { ',' index_type } ']' ] OF type .
            index_type= constant_expression [ '..' constant_expression ] .
          record_type= RECORD field_list END .
            field_list= { common_field ';' } [ variant_fields ] .
              common_field= identifier_list ':' type .
              variant_fields= CASE tag OF cases { cases } .
                tag= VARIANT_TAG_NAME [ ':' unit_qualified_type_name ] .
                cases= constant_expression { ',' constant_expression }
                    ':' one_case .
                  one_case= '(' [ common_field { ';' [ ( common_field | variant_fields ) ] }
                                 | variant_fields ]
                            ')' [ ';' ] .
          set_type= SET OF type .
          file_type= FILE [ OF type ] .
        pointer_type= '^' POINTED_NAME .
        procedural_type= ( PROCEDURE [ formal_parameters ]
                | FUNCTION [ formal_parameters ] ':' function_result_type )
            $<dir( [ OF OBJECT ] | i_procedural_type_directives ) $>dir  .
          procedural_type_directives= calling_directives  .
          i_procedural_type_directives=  ( ';'
              | CDECL | PASCAL | REGISTER | SAFECALL | STDCALL ) $i_directives .

    constant_definitions= CONST constant_definition { constant_definition  }  .
      constant_definition= CONST_NAME [ ':' type ] '=' typed_constant ';' .

    resource_defintions= RESOURCESTRING resource_definition { resource_definition } .
      resource_definition= RESOURCE_NAME '=' string_expression ';' .

    type_definitions= TYPE type_definition  { type_definition  } .
      type_definition= TYPE_NAME '=' [ TYPE ] ( class_type | interface_type | type ) ';' .

        // -- used in INTERFACE also
        property= PROPERTY $>priv PROPERTY_NAME [ property_type ] property_specifiers .
          property_type= [ property_indexes ] ':' unit_qualified_type_name .
            property_indexes= '[' property_index { ';' property_index } ']' .
              property_index= [ CONST ] INDEX_NAME { ',' INDEX_NAME }
                  ':' unit_qualified_type_name .
          property_specifiers= $<prop [ INDEX constant_expression ] $>prop
              // -- "READ FTabSize.Y"
              $<prop [ READ variable_access | READONLY ]
                  [ WRITE WRITE_NAME | WRITEONLY ] $>prop
              // -- some params called "dispid"
              $<prop [ DISPID constant_expression ] [ ';' ] $>prop
              $<prop { storage_specifier [';' ] } $>prop
              [ IMPLEMENTS unit_qualified_identifier { ',' unit_qualified_identifier } ';' ] .
           storage_specifier= storage_stored | storage_default  | storage_no_default  .
            storage_stored= STORED [ constant_expression ]  .
            storage_default= DEFAULT [ constant_expression ] .
            storage_no_default= NODEFAULT .

        // -- the ; is in the type_definitions
        class_type= CLASS [ class_reference | class_definition ] .
          class_reference= OF unit_qualified_type_name .
          // -- class_definition : can be foward with inheritance
          class_definition= [ inheritance ] [ class_body ] .
            inheritance= '(' unit_qualified_type_name { ',' unit_qualified_type_name } ')' .
            class_body= fields_and_procs_section { fields_and_procs_section } END .
              fields_and_procs_section= $<priv protection fields_and_procs $>priv .
                protection= [ PRIVATE  | PROTECTED | PUBLIC | PUBLISHED ]  .
                fields_and_procs= { class_field } { class_methods | property $<priv } .
                  class_field= identifier_list $>priv ':' type ';' $<priv .
                  class_methods= constructor | destructor |
                      [ CLASS ] ( class_procedure | class_function ) .
                    method_directives_= $<dir
                        { (method_directives | overload_directive | calling_directives)
                        [ ';'] } $>dir .
                    // -- if interfaces : "FUNCTION i_xxx.yyy = zzz;"
                    rename_method= '.' NAME '=' NAME ';' .
                    constructor= CONSTRUCTOR $>priv PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';'
                      method_directives_ $<priv .
                    destructor= DESTRUCTOR $>priv PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';'
                      method_directives_ $<priv .
                    class_procedure= PROCEDURE $>priv PR_NAME
                      ( rename_method | [ formal_parameters ] ';'
                        method_directives_ ) $<priv .
                    class_function= FUNCTION $>priv FN_NAME
                      ( rename_method | [ formal_parameters ] ':' function_result_type ';'
                        method_directives_ ) $<priv .

        interface_type= ( INTERFACE | DISPINTERFACE ) [ interface_definition ] .
          interface_definition= [ interface_heritage] [interface_g_u_i_d ]
              interface_member_list END .
            interface_heritage= '(' identifier_list ')' .
            interface_g_u_i_d= '[' string_expression ']' .
            interface_member_list= { class_procedure_ | class_function_ | property } .
              interface_directives_= $<dir
                      { (method_directives | overload_directive | calling_directives | dispid )
                      [ ';'] } $>dir .
                dispid= DISPID constant_expression .
              // -- redefinition "PROCEDURE x.y= z;" (axctrls)
              class_procedure_= ( PROCEDURE | CONSTRUCTOR | DESTRUCTOR )
                  PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';' interface_directives_ .
              class_function_= FUNCTION FN_NAME  [ formal_parameters ] ':' function_result_type ';'
                  interface_directives_ .

    variable_declarations= (THREADVAR | VAR) variable_declaration { variable_declaration } .
      // -- has separated in 2 because of initialization
      // -- absolute can be after a list, but not with initialization
      variable_declaration= ID_NAME
          ( ':' type  [ '=' typed_constant | absolute ] ';'
           | { ',' ID_NAME }  ':' type  [ absolute ] ';' ) .
         absolute= ABSOLUTE OTHER_VAR_NAME .

  // -- code

  expression= simple_expression [ ('=' | '<>' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>=' | IN | IS )
      simple_expression ] .
    simple_expression= [ '+' | '-' ] term { ('+' | '-' | OR | XOR ) term } .
      term= factor { ('*' | '/' | DIV | MOD | AND | SHR | SHL ) factor } .
        // -- called by $i_access_or_expression
        // -- can be empty if fn call "fn()"
        parenthized_expression= '(' [ expression { ',' expression } ] ')' .
        factor= NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL | NIL
            | NOT factor | '@' factor | INHERITED [ factor ]
            | '^' NAME
            | set_factor
            // -- x= (Sender AS tButton).Caption
            // -- the AS is only for the level 0
            | ( NAME | STRING ) { parenthized_expression | end_access }
            | parenthized_expression { end_access } .
          end_access= { array_access | record_access | '^' | as_access  } .
            array_access= '[' expression { ',' expression } ']' .
            record_access= '.' expression .
            as_access= AS NAME .

  // -- instructions

  asm= ASM { asm_statement } END .
    // -- for pasting in i_asm
    asm_statement_= { NAME | NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL
        | '[' | ']' | '.'  | ','
        | ':'
        | '+' | '-' | '*' | '/'
        | NOT  | AND | OR | XOR | SHR | SHL | DIV } .
    label_=  '@' [ '@'] ( ALL_NAME | NUMBER ) .

    asm_statement= ( NAME | NUMBER | STRING_LITTERAL
        | '[' | ']' | '.'  | ','
        | '@'
        | ':'
        | '+' | '-' | '*' | '/'
        | NOT  | AND | OR | XOR | SHR | SHL | DIV ) $i_asm .

  composed_instruction= F .

  // -- allows empty ";" instruction
  instruction_list= [ instruction ] { ';' [ instruction ] } .
    instruction= { assignment_or_call | structured_instruction } .

      // -- this covers "x[3].z:= u;" or "my_proc(3+ zz)";
      // -- acces or (pchar+ 1)^ := ...
      assignment_or_call= expression [ end_assignment ] .
        // -- "(Sender As tButton).Caption:= xxx"
        end_assignment= ':=' expression .

      structured_instruction= composed_instruction | test | repetition | with
          | try | inherited_call | raise_statement | asm .
        test= if | case .
          if= IF expression THEN instruction [ ELSE instruction ] .
          // -- D5: ';' after last instr or before ELSE optional !
          case= CASE expression OF case_element
              { ';' [ ELSE $NOREAD | END $NOREAD | case_element ] }
                 [ ELSE instruction_list ] END .
            case_element= case_label ':' instruction .
              // -- a general constant constant_expression, but no set [],
              // --   unless in a function call
              case_label= constant_expression
                  { ( ',' constant_expression | '..' constant_expression ) } .
        repetition= while | repeat | for .
          while= WHILE expression DO instruction .
          repeat= REPEAT instruction_list UNTIL expression .
          for= FOR unit_qualified_identifier ':=' expression [ TO | DOWNTO ]
              expression DO instruction .
        // -- "with xxx AS"
        with= WITH expression { ',' expression } DO instruction .
        try= TRY instruction_list
            ( EXCEPT except_block | FINALLY instruction_list ) END .
          except_block= on [ ELSE instruction_list ] | instruction_list .
            // -- can have "ON ezero DO ELSE xxx ;" or "ON xxx DO ;"
            on= handle_instruction { ';' [ handle_instruction ] } .
              exception_identifier= unit_qualified_identifier [ ':' unit_qualified_identifier ] .
              handle_instruction= ON exception_identifier DO [ instruction ';' ] .

        // -- "Inherited Items[Index]:= "
        inherited_call= INHERITED [ instruction ] .
        // inline_statement= INLINE '(' INTEGERCONST {'/' INTEGERCONST } ')' .
        raise_statement= $<at RAISE [ variable_access ] [ AT constant_expression ] $>at .

  composed_instruction= BEGIN instruction_list END .

  // -- bloc
  // -- VIRTUAL etc only in CLASS

  routine_header= class_methods_header | constructor_header | destructor_header
        | procedure_header | function_header .
    // -- methods have no directives in implementation
    class_methods_header= CLASS (class_procedure_method | class_function_method ) .
      class_procedure_method= PROCEDURE CLASS_NAME '.' PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';' .
      // -- repeating the result is optional
      class_function_method= FUNCTION CLASS_NAME [ '.' FN_NAME ]
          [ formal_parameters ] [ ':' function_result_type ] ';' .
    constructor_header= CONSTRUCTOR CLASS_NAME '.' PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';' .
    destructor_header= DESTRUCTOR CLASS_NAME '.' PR_NAME [ formal_parameters ] ';' .
    // -- always ; before directives (for procedural cdecl is without ? )
    code_procedure_directives= $<dir { (dos_directives
        | calling_directives | overload_directive)
        [ ';'] } $>dir .
    procedure_header= PROCEDURE
        CLASS_OR_PR_NAME [ '.' PR_NAME ] [ formal_parameters ] ';'
          code_procedure_directives .
    // -- for the functions, STDCALL does not require ; "fn xxx: yyy STDCALL;"
    function_header= FUNCTION CLASS_OR_FN_NAME [ '.' FN_NAME ]
        [ formal_parameters ] [ ':' function_result_type ]
        [ ';' ] code_procedure_directives [ ';' ] .

  bloc= F .
  main_declarations= const_type_var_declarations | procedure_declarations_and_body .
    procedure_declarations_and_body= { procedure_declaration } .
      procedure_declaration= routine_header
          $<dir ( FORWARD  $>dir | EXTERNAL $>dir end_external | $>dir bloc ) ';' .
        // "procedure xxx; external;"
        // "procedure xxx; external 'xxx';"
        // "procedure xxx; external xxx;"
        // "procedure xxx; external xxx NAME 'MessageBoxA';"
        // "procedure xxx; external xxx 'MessageBoxA' INDEX 31;"
        end_external= [ constant_expression $<index [ index ] $>index ] '.' .
          index= INDEX constant_expression .
  bloc= { main_declarations } ( composed_instruction | asm ) .

  main_uses= USES uses_in { ',' uses_in } ';' .
    uses_in= UNIT_NAME [ IN constant_expression ] .

  // -- program / units / library / packages

  program= PROGRAM NAME ';' [ main_uses ] bloc '.' .

  unit= UNIT UNIT_NAME ';' unit_interface unit_implementation unit_end '.' .
    uses= USES identifier_list ';' .
    unit_interface= INTERFACE [ uses ] { const_type_var_declarations | routine_header } .
    unit_implementation= IMPLEMENTATION [ uses ] { main_declarations } .
    unit_end= ( BEGIN instruction_list | initialization ) END .
      initialization= [ INITIALIZATION instruction_list [ FINALIZATION instruction_list ]] .

  library= LIBRARY LIBRARY_NAME main_uses bloc '.' .

  package= PACKAGE PACKAGE_NAME ';'
      $<pack [ requires_clause ] [ contains_clause ] $>pack END '.' .
    requires_clause= REQUIRES REQUIRES_NAME {',' REQUIRES_NAME } ';' .
    contains_clause= CONTAINS contains_statement {',' contains_statement } ';' .
      contains_statement= CONTAINS_NAME [ IN constant_expression ] .
.